降低钢桁梁悬索桥主桁疲劳应力幅的结构体系及其可行性研究

为降低带外伸跨的钢桁梁悬索桥主桁杆件疲劳应力幅,研究不同结构体系对主桁杆件疲劳应力幅的改善效果。从杆件疲劳应力幅和竖向刚度的角度给出最佳方案;并从线路坡度与曲率的角度,研究该方案对列车走行过程中线路的影响,进而确定方案的可行性。结果表明:去除桥塔处的刚性竖向支座,换成吊在主梁下弦节点的弹性吊索,能有效地降低桥塔位置处上弦杆和主梁梁端下弦杆的疲劳应力幅,且主梁的竖向刚度较理想,对列车走行线路影响很小。     

Toward using social media to support ridesharing services: challenges and opportunities

Ridesharing has been attracting increasing attention from both academia and industry. One of the challenges posed by the study of ridesharing is to identify the most valuable information for improving the ridesharing decisions taken by participants. Another challenge is to use harvesting techniques to extract specific types of travel-related information. Many methods have been developed by the community in order to solve these issues. However, due to a lack of information sharing between different transit authorities and the difficulty of identifying subjective perceptions of the experience of ridesharing, understanding and evaluating how social media data might support or obstruct goals for mobility, safety and environmental sustainability in ridesharing is a difficult task. In this survey, we first analyze the literature on ridesharing with a focus on the properties and model of service, and introduce a framework to describe the major components required for a ridesharing service. Then, we illustrate the potential value of information extracted from social media and present the rationale for harvesting travel-related data. Finally, we detail some possible directions and different approaches for using social media data, and highlight their assets and drawbacks.     

CTCS2+ATO列控车载设备测试平台设计

列车运行控制系统测试平台是列车运行控制系统研发、生产及调试的重要支撑。通过分析车载设备的测试需求,提出测试平台解决方案,并进行了设计实现。研究成果可为城际铁路列控系统的测试提供一定的参考。     

大倾角中厚煤层软弱顶底板柔性护巷技术

在大倾角中厚煤层沿空留巷中,以往的支护方式难以满足大倾角中厚煤层巷道特殊的围岩结构稳定的需要,同时无法适应工作面内矸石垮落造成留巷困难。文章针对这一难题,首次提出并采用了"柔性护巷"技术,通过利用巷道上帮形成的由垮落矸石堆积在特制钢筋网上的"包护带",允许巷道顶板有一定的下沉量,从而使矸石充分为巷道顶板组合岩梁结构提供支撑力。在总结其施工工艺的基础上,通过现场试验,研究了巷道矿压显现规律、顶板移动规律、矸石垮落堆积规律和钢筋网变形规律;实验结果表明,在利用锚、网、索、支柱联合支护的基础上,应用"柔性护巷"技术能有效地解决大倾角中厚煤层沿空留巷技术难题。     

中散公司信息化提升的新思路

通过分析中海散货运输有限公司当前在信息化方面取得的成绩和存在的问题,提出了信息化建设的新思路.阐述了企业信息化与精细化管理的相互推动作用,提出提高企业信息化水平成就精细化管理企业的必然趋势.     

一种隧洞探测型AUV及其图像拼接方法研究

裂缝是输水隧洞最普遍的缺陷和潜在威胁,AUV巡检与拍摄输水隧洞中的裂缝,通过拍摄的水下图像进行处理,以确定裂缝位置。但由于水下环境极大限制了光视觉图像可视范围与分辨率,单幅水下图像所获得的视角范围有限,所以本文提出了基于SURF算法的AUV水下图像拼接方法研究。该方法首先在图像预处理阶段对水下图像进行去畸变与限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化处理,用于解决水下图像存在的畸变、对比度低、噪声严重等问题。接着将SURF特征点检测算法应用于水下图像配准当中,并与RANSAC算法相结合对特征点进行精确匹配,然后应用线性渐变融合算法实现水下图像融合,有效去除拼接缝隙,完成水下图像拼接,最终通过水池与外场实验拼接图像来验证该方法的正确性。     

Two degree of freedom flow-induced vibration of cylindrical structures in marine environments: frequency ratio effects

The flow-induced vibration of a cylindrical structure is a very common problem in marine environments such as undersea pipelines, offshore risers, and cables. In this study, the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of an elastically mounted cylinder at a low Reynolds number is simulated by a transient coupled fluid–structure interaction numerical model. Considering VIV with low damping ratio, the response, hydrodynamic forces, and vortex shedding modes of the cylinder is systematically analyzed and summed up the universal rule under different frequency ratios. On the basis of the analysis, we find that the frequency ratio α is a very important parameter. It decides the locked-in, beat, and phase-switch phenomena of the cylinder, meanwhile, it also influence the vortex mode of the cylinder. The trajectory of the two degrees of freedom (2 DOF) case at different natural frequency ratios is discussed, with most trajectories having a “figure of 8” shape and a few having a “crescent” shape. A fast Fourier transformation technique is used to obtain the frequency characteristics of the vibration of the cylindrical structure. Using the 2 DOF cylinder model in place of the 1 DOF model presents several advantages in simulating the nonlinear characteristics of cylindrical structures, including the capacity to model the crosswise vibration generated by in-line vibration.     

船舶柴油机调速器有限转角力矩电机优化控制

本文针对新型的船舶柴油机调速器有限转角力矩电机控制系统优化与稳定性问题,在Matlab/Simulink中基于电枢回路方程与力矩方程搭建有限转角力矩电机动态系统模型.通过数据拟合方法构建电机非线性模型,基于线性控制理论对串级PID控制系统进行稳定性分析,最后使用遗传算法对PID参数进行优化设计.研究成果可为该电机用于柴油机电子调速执行机构提供优化及控制参考.     

新能源公交车辆大数据决策支持平台的研究

新能源汽车具有能源利用效率高、环境污染小、适用清洁能源种类多、噪声低、方便保养、安全性高等优点,成为未来公共交通发展的重点方向。为了实现更高的信息化程度,为国内大型城市的新能源公交车辆的规模化应用提供便利,相关的信息化系统平台的建设非常重要。大数据技术为新能源公交车辆决策支持平台建立了数据分析与应用基础,该大数据决策支持平台能够存储、处理来自不同数据源的多维数据,利用联机分析处理实现多维度数据分析,运用数据挖掘技术利用新能源公交车辆信息,提供新能源车辆充电决策、充电场地建设决策、电池容量及衰退分析等功能。     

景观道路的设计实践——广阳岛环岛路设计

广阳岛环岛路的主要功能是服务性景观路,跟环岛滨江公园一起,共同构筑广阳岛的滨江景观带。尝试引进了国外的宁静化设计,尽可能推行最生态的工程做法,努力创造人与自然相和谐的环境,并竭尽全力地将这些构想付诸实施。为了实现以上目标,道路、交通、排水、结构、桥梁和电照专业,在景观专业的组织下,共同展开了这条景观路的设计尝试。